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Transylvania, with its name coming from Latin ultra silvam (beyond the forest), is one of the most interesting and surprising regions of Romania. Its German, Hungarian and Romanian cultural traditions play a great role in its cultural and ethnic diversity. The Transylvanian plateau is surrounded by mountain peaks and drained by sparkling rivers which makes it both a pleasant place for a relaxing holiday with a landscape pleasing to the eye and an exciting place for adventure-seeking travellers.
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CRISTIAN(SIBIU)/GROSSAU
Andreas Lapicida was a skilled craftsman. And because he mastered the craft so well he was very requested to work in the villages where in the 15th century the old Romanesque basilicas built by the first ancestors who had settled on the banks of Cibin river, were changing their appearance because of the new troubled times. But the craftsman acquired the habit of changing his mind and started trials related to his work. He would ask more in addition to what was written at the beginning of the contract. That’s what he did in Moșna and that’s how he had started in Cristian. It was 1498, the church was now a hall and Johannes, the vicar of Moșna, had to testify against Andreas Lapicida during a trial in which the stonemason asked for another 100 guilders for the vault and the windows.
Evidence of the 13th century Romanesque basilica is given by the three levels of the belfry, by the cross vaults of some bays from the north aisle and by the semicircular windows of the nave which were walled in during the transformations that followed. Towards the middle of the 14th century the rest was adapted or completely transformed in a hall church with a large choir, three naves and a belfry. To the main choir were added two short lateral chapels which resulted from the extensions of the aisles ending in semicircular apses. Over the cross vaulted choir a defense level was built to which access was made through a spiral staircase on the north side. In the 16th century the north chapel was separated from the choir by a wall, being turned into a vestry.
The nave was turned into a hall church after 1472 under the leadership of Andreas Lapicida. The walls of the aisles were raised, and between these and the main nave were added octagonal base pillars with decorated with flutings. The defense level of the choir was destroyed, being raised four meters above the nave. In 1775 Johannes Hahn built and organ for the church.
The eight floor belfry was also affected by the transformation works, but also by the earthquake in 1802 and consequently the defense level was replaced and covered with a roof with four corner towers.
The first curtain wall that surrounds the church was built towards the end of the 14th century together with the Lard Tower where a chapel functioned temporarily at the second level. The tower ended with a defense level protruding from the consoles and provided with machicolations. Later this level was destroyed and a twisted roof was built directly on the consoles of the defense gallery. In the 15th century a second curtain wall was built at only three meters from the first one. On the inside both were provided with defense corridors. The interior precinct was strengthened with storage rooms. The outer wall was fortified with five towers with three levels each. On the north side, where the parish house is situated, the wall was delimited by a Zwinger. The small waiting room must have been related to the sermons held during many epidemics of plague and cholera that swept over Cristian.

Photo Album - 15 EUR
Discover Terra Ultrasilvana, the land beyond the forests, a cultural landscape that remained essentially unchanged over the centuries. Explore the vivid picture of southern Transylvania in over 200 outstanding photographs. English / German, 128 pages, 21 X 28 cm
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